499 lines
15 KiB
C++
499 lines
15 KiB
C++
/*
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* Copyright (c) Facebook, Inc. and its affiliates.
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*
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* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
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* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
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* You may obtain a copy of the License at
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*
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* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
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*
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* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
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* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
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* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
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* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
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* limitations under the License.
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*/
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#pragma once
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#define FOLLY_FORMAT_H_
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#include <cstdio>
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#include <ios>
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#include <stdexcept>
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#include <tuple>
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#include <type_traits>
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#include <folly/CPortability.h>
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#include <folly/Conv.h>
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#include <folly/FormatArg.h>
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#include <folly/Range.h>
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#include <folly/String.h>
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#include <folly/Traits.h>
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// Ignore shadowing warnings within this file, so includers can use -Wshadow.
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FOLLY_PUSH_WARNING
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FOLLY_GNU_DISABLE_WARNING("-Wshadow")
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namespace folly {
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// forward declarations
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template <bool containerMode, class... Args>
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class Formatter;
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template <class... Args>
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Formatter<false, Args...> format(StringPiece fmt, Args&&... args);
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template <class C>
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Formatter<true, C> vformat(StringPiece fmt, C&& container);
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template <class T, class Enable = void>
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class FormatValue;
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// meta-attribute to identify formatters in this sea of template weirdness
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namespace detail {
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class FormatterTag {};
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} // namespace detail
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/**
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* Formatter class.
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*
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* Note that this class is tricky, as it keeps *references* to its lvalue
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* arguments (while it takes ownership of the temporaries), and it doesn't
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* copy the passed-in format string. Thankfully, you can't use this
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* directly, you have to use format(...) below.
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*/
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/* BaseFormatter class.
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* Overridable behaviours:
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* You may override the actual formatting of positional parameters in
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* `doFormatArg`. The Formatter class provides the default implementation.
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*
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* You may also override `doFormat` and `getSizeArg`. These override points were
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* added to permit static analysis of format strings, when it is inconvenient
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* or impossible to instantiate a BaseFormatter with the correct storage
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*/
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template <class Derived, bool containerMode, class... Args>
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class BaseFormatter {
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public:
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/**
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* Append to output. out(StringPiece sp) may be called (more than once)
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*/
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template <class Output>
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void operator()(Output& out) const;
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/**
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* Append to a string.
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*/
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template <class Str>
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typename std::enable_if<IsSomeString<Str>::value>::type appendTo(
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Str& str) const {
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auto appender = [&str](StringPiece s) { str.append(s.data(), s.size()); };
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(*this)(appender);
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}
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/**
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* Conversion to string
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*/
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std::string str() const {
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std::string s;
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appendTo(s);
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return s;
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}
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/**
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* Conversion to fbstring
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*/
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fbstring fbstr() const {
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fbstring s;
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appendTo(s);
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return s;
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}
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/**
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* Metadata to identify generated children of BaseFormatter
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*/
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typedef detail::FormatterTag IsFormatter;
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typedef BaseFormatter BaseType;
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private:
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typedef std::tuple<Args...> ValueTuple;
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static constexpr size_t valueCount = std::tuple_size<ValueTuple>::value;
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Derived const& asDerived() const {
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return *static_cast<const Derived*>(this);
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}
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template <size_t K, class Callback>
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typename std::enable_if<K == valueCount>::type
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doFormatFrom(size_t i, FormatArg& arg, Callback& /*cb*/) const {
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arg.error("argument index out of range, max=", i);
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}
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template <size_t K, class Callback>
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typename std::enable_if<(K < valueCount)>::type
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doFormatFrom(size_t i, FormatArg& arg, Callback& cb) const {
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if (i == K) {
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asDerived().template doFormatArg<K>(arg, cb);
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} else {
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doFormatFrom<K + 1>(i, arg, cb);
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}
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}
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template <class Callback>
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void doFormat(size_t i, FormatArg& arg, Callback& cb) const {
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return doFormatFrom<0>(i, arg, cb);
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}
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template <size_t K>
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typename std::enable_if<K == valueCount, int>::type getSizeArgFrom(
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size_t i,
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const FormatArg& arg) const {
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arg.error("argument index out of range, max=", i);
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}
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template <class T>
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typename std::enable_if<
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std::is_integral<T>::value && !std::is_same<T, bool>::value,
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int>::type
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getValue(const FormatValue<T>& format, const FormatArg&) const {
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return static_cast<int>(format.getValue());
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}
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template <class T>
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typename std::enable_if<
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!std::is_integral<T>::value || std::is_same<T, bool>::value,
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int>::type
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getValue(const FormatValue<T>&, const FormatArg& arg) const {
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arg.error("dynamic field width argument must be integral");
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}
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template <size_t K>
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typename std::enable_if <
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K<valueCount, int>::type getSizeArgFrom(size_t i, const FormatArg& arg)
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const {
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if (i == K) {
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return getValue(getFormatValue<K>(), arg);
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}
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return getSizeArgFrom<K + 1>(i, arg);
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}
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int getSizeArg(size_t i, const FormatArg& arg) const {
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return getSizeArgFrom<0>(i, arg);
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}
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StringPiece str_;
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protected:
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explicit BaseFormatter(StringPiece str, Args&&... args);
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// Not copyable
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BaseFormatter(const BaseFormatter&) = delete;
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BaseFormatter& operator=(const BaseFormatter&) = delete;
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// Movable, but the move constructor and assignment operator are private,
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// for the exclusive use of format() (below). This way, you can't create
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// a Formatter object, but can handle references to it (for streaming,
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// conversion to string, etc) -- which is good, as Formatter objects are
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// dangerous (they may hold references).
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BaseFormatter(BaseFormatter&&) = default;
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BaseFormatter& operator=(BaseFormatter&&) = default;
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template <size_t K>
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using ArgType = typename std::tuple_element<K, ValueTuple>::type;
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template <size_t K>
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FormatValue<typename std::decay<ArgType<K>>::type> getFormatValue() const {
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return FormatValue<typename std::decay<ArgType<K>>::type>(
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std::get<K>(values_));
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}
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ValueTuple values_;
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};
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template <bool containerMode, class... Args>
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class Formatter : public BaseFormatter<
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Formatter<containerMode, Args...>,
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containerMode,
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Args...> {
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private:
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explicit Formatter(StringPiece& str, Args&&... args)
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: BaseFormatter<
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Formatter<containerMode, Args...>,
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containerMode,
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Args...>(str, std::forward<Args>(args)...) {
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static_assert(
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!containerMode || sizeof...(Args) == 1,
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"Exactly one argument required in container mode");
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}
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template <size_t K, class Callback>
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void doFormatArg(FormatArg& arg, Callback& cb) const {
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this->template getFormatValue<K>().format(arg, cb);
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}
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friend class BaseFormatter<
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Formatter<containerMode, Args...>,
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containerMode,
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Args...>;
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template <class... A>
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friend Formatter<false, A...> format(StringPiece fmt, A&&... arg);
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template <class C>
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friend Formatter<true, C> vformat(StringPiece fmt, C&& container);
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};
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/**
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* Formatter objects can be written to streams.
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*/
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template <class C, bool containerMode, class... Args>
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std::ostream& operator<<(
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std::basic_ostream<C>& out,
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const Formatter<containerMode, Args...>& formatter) {
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auto writer = [&out](StringPiece sp) {
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out.write(sp.data(), std::streamsize(sp.size()));
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};
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formatter(writer);
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return out;
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}
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/**
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* Formatter objects can be written to stdio FILEs.
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*/
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template <class Derived, bool containerMode, class... Args>
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void writeTo(
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FILE* fp,
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const BaseFormatter<Derived, containerMode, Args...>& formatter);
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/**
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* Create a formatter object.
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*
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* std::string formatted = format("{} {}", 23, 42).str();
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* LOG(INFO) << format("{} {}", 23, 42);
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* writeTo(stdout, format("{} {}", 23, 42));
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*/
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template <class... Args>
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Formatter<false, Args...> format(StringPiece fmt, Args&&... args) {
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return Formatter<false, Args...>(fmt, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
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}
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/**
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* Like format(), but immediately returns the formatted string instead of an
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* intermediate format object.
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*/
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template <class... Args>
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inline std::string sformat(StringPiece fmt, Args&&... args) {
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return format(fmt, std::forward<Args>(args)...).str();
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}
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/**
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* Create a formatter object that takes one argument (of container type)
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* and uses that container to get argument values from.
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*
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* std::map<string, string> map { {"hello", "world"}, {"answer", "42"} };
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*
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* The following are equivalent:
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* format("{0[hello]} {0[answer]}", map);
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*
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* vformat("{hello} {answer}", map);
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*
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* but the latter is cleaner.
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*/
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template <class Container>
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Formatter<true, Container> vformat(StringPiece fmt, Container&& container) {
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return Formatter<true, Container>(fmt, std::forward<Container>(container));
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}
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/**
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* Like vformat(), but immediately returns the formatted string instead of an
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* intermediate format object.
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*/
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template <class Container>
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inline std::string svformat(StringPiece fmt, Container&& container) {
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return vformat(fmt, std::forward<Container>(container)).str();
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}
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/**
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* Exception class thrown when a format key is not found in the given
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* associative container keyed by strings. We inherit std::out_of_range for
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* compatibility with callers that expect exception to be thrown directly
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* by std::map or std::unordered_map.
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*
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* Having the key be at the end of the message string, we can access it by
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* simply adding its offset to what(). Not storing separate std::string key
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* makes the exception type small and noexcept-copyable like std::out_of_range,
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* and therefore able to fit in-situ in exception_wrapper.
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*/
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class FOLLY_EXPORT FormatKeyNotFoundException : public std::out_of_range {
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public:
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explicit FormatKeyNotFoundException(StringPiece key);
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char const* key() const noexcept {
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return what() + kMessagePrefix.size();
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}
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private:
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static constexpr StringPiece const kMessagePrefix = "format key not found: ";
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};
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/**
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* Wrap a sequence or associative container so that out-of-range lookups
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* return a default value rather than throwing an exception.
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*
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* Usage:
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* format("[no_such_key"], defaulted(map, 42)) -> 42
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*/
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namespace detail {
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template <class Container, class Value>
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struct DefaultValueWrapper {
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DefaultValueWrapper(const Container& container, const Value& defaultValue)
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: container(container), defaultValue(defaultValue) {}
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const Container& container;
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const Value& defaultValue;
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};
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} // namespace detail
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template <class Container, class Value>
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detail::DefaultValueWrapper<Container, Value> defaulted(
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const Container& c,
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const Value& v) {
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return detail::DefaultValueWrapper<Container, Value>(c, v);
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}
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/**
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* Append formatted output to a string.
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*
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* std::string foo;
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* format(&foo, "{} {}", 42, 23);
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*
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* Shortcut for toAppend(format(...), &foo);
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*/
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template <class Str, class... Args>
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typename std::enable_if<IsSomeString<Str>::value>::type
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format(Str* out, StringPiece fmt, Args&&... args) {
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format(fmt, std::forward<Args>(args)...).appendTo(*out);
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}
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/**
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* Append vformatted output to a string.
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*/
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template <class Str, class Container>
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typename std::enable_if<IsSomeString<Str>::value>::type
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vformat(Str* out, StringPiece fmt, Container&& container) {
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vformat(fmt, std::forward<Container>(container)).appendTo(*out);
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}
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/**
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* Utilities for all format value specializations.
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*/
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namespace format_value {
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/**
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* Format a string in "val", obeying appropriate alignment, padding, width,
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* and precision. Treats Align::DEFAULT as Align::LEFT, and
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* Align::PAD_AFTER_SIGN as Align::RIGHT; use formatNumber for
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* number-specific formatting.
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*/
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template <class FormatCallback>
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void formatString(StringPiece val, FormatArg& arg, FormatCallback& cb);
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/**
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* Format a number in "val"; the first prefixLen characters form the prefix
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* (sign, "0x" base prefix, etc) which must be left-aligned if the alignment
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* is Align::PAD_AFTER_SIGN. Treats Align::DEFAULT as Align::LEFT. Ignores
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* arg.precision, as that has a different meaning for numbers (not "maximum
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* field width")
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*/
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template <class FormatCallback>
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void formatNumber(
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StringPiece val,
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int prefixLen,
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FormatArg& arg,
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FormatCallback& cb);
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/**
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* Format a Formatter object recursively. Behaves just like
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* formatString(fmt.str(), arg, cb); but avoids creating a temporary
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* string if possible.
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*/
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template <
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class FormatCallback,
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class Derived,
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bool containerMode,
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class... Args>
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void formatFormatter(
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const BaseFormatter<Derived, containerMode, Args...>& formatter,
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FormatArg& arg,
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FormatCallback& cb);
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} // namespace format_value
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/*
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* Specialize folly::FormatValue for your type.
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*
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* FormatValue<T> is constructed with a (reference-collapsed) T&&, which is
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* guaranteed to stay alive until the FormatValue object is destroyed, so you
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* may keep a reference (or pointer) to it instead of making a copy.
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*
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* You must define
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* template <class Callback>
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* void format(FormatArg& arg, Callback& cb) const;
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* with the following semantics: format the value using the given argument.
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*
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* arg is given by non-const reference for convenience -- it won't be reused,
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* so feel free to modify it in place if necessary. (For example, wrap an
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* existing conversion but change the default, or remove the "key" when
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* extracting an element from a container)
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*
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* Call the callback to append data to the output. You may call the callback
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* as many times as you'd like (or not at all, if you want to output an
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* empty string)
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*/
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namespace detail {
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template <class T, class Enable = void>
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struct IsFormatter : public std::false_type {};
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template <class T>
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struct IsFormatter<
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T,
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typename std::enable_if<
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std::is_same<typename T::IsFormatter, detail::FormatterTag>::value>::
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type> : public std::true_type {};
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} // namespace detail
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// Deprecated API. formatChecked() et. al. now behave identically to their
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// non-Checked counterparts.
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template <class... Args>
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Formatter<false, Args...> formatChecked(StringPiece fmt, Args&&... args) {
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return format(fmt, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
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}
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template <class... Args>
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inline std::string sformatChecked(StringPiece fmt, Args&&... args) {
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return formatChecked(fmt, std::forward<Args>(args)...).str();
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}
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template <class Container>
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Formatter<true, Container> vformatChecked(
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StringPiece fmt,
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Container&& container) {
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return vformat(fmt, std::forward<Container>(container));
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}
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template <class Container>
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inline std::string svformatChecked(StringPiece fmt, Container&& container) {
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return vformatChecked(fmt, std::forward<Container>(container)).str();
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}
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template <class Str, class... Args>
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typename std::enable_if<IsSomeString<Str>::value>::type
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formatChecked(Str* out, StringPiece fmt, Args&&... args) {
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formatChecked(fmt, std::forward<Args>(args)...).appendTo(*out);
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}
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template <class Str, class Container>
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typename std::enable_if<IsSomeString<Str>::value>::type
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vformatChecked(Str* out, StringPiece fmt, Container&& container) {
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vformatChecked(fmt, std::forward<Container>(container)).appendTo(*out);
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}
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} // namespace folly
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#include <folly/Format-inl.h>
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FOLLY_POP_WARNING
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