/**
 * Module exports class Model
 */
module.exports = DataAccessObject;

/**
 * Module dependencies
 */
var util = require('util');
var jutil = require('./jutil');
var validations = require('./validations.js');
var ValidationError = validations.ValidationError;
require('./relations.js');
var Inclusion = require('./include.js');
var Relation = require('./relations.js');
var geo = require('./geo');
var Memory = require('./connectors/memory').Memory;
var utils = require('./utils');
var fieldsToArray = utils.fieldsToArray;
var removeUndefined = utils.removeUndefined;


/**
 * DAO class - base class for all persist objects
 * provides **common API** to access any database connector.
 * This class describes only abstract behavior layer, refer to `lib/connectors/*.js`
 * to learn more about specific connector implementations
 *
 * `DataAccessObject` mixes `Inclusion` classes methods
 *
 * @constructor
 * @param {Object} data - initial object data
 */
function DataAccessObject() {
    if(DataAccessObject._mixins) {
        var self = this;
        var args = arguments;
        DataAccessObject._mixins.forEach(function(m) {
            m.call(self, args);
        });
    }
}

function idName(m) {
    return m.getDataSource().idName 
    ? m.getDataSource().idName(m.modelName) : 'id';
}

function getIdValue(m, data) {
    return data && data[m.getDataSource().idName(m.modelName)];
}

function setIdValue(m, data, value) {
    if(data) {
        data[idName(m)] = value;
    }
}

DataAccessObject._forDB = function (data) {
    if(!(this.getDataSource().isRelational && this.getDataSource().isRelational())) {
        return data;
    }
    var res = {};
    for(var propName in data) {
        var type = this.getPropertyType(propName);
        if (type === 'JSON' || type === 'Any' || type === 'Object' || data[propName] instanceof Array) {
            res[propName] = JSON.stringify(data[propName]);
        } else {
            res[propName] = data[propName];
        }
    }
    return res;
};

/**
 * Create new instance of Model class, saved in database
 *
 * @param data [optional]
 * @param callback(err, obj)
 * callback called with arguments:
 *
 *   - err (null or Error)
 *   - instance (null or Model)
 */
DataAccessObject.create = function (data, callback) {
    if (stillConnecting(this.getDataSource(), this, arguments)) return;

    var Model = this;
    var modelName = Model.modelName;

    if (typeof data === 'function') {
        callback = data;
        data = {};
    }

    if (typeof callback !== 'function') {
        callback = function () {};
    }

    if (!data) {
        data = {};
    }

    if (Array.isArray(data)) {
        var instances = [];
        var errors = Array(data.length);
        var gotError = false;
        var wait = data.length;
        if (wait === 0) callback(null, []);

        var instances = [];
        for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i += 1) {
            (function(d, i) {
                instances.push(Model.create(d, function(err, inst) {
                    if (err) {
                        errors[i] = err;
                        gotError = true;
                    }
                    modelCreated();
                }));
            })(data[i], i);
        }

        return instances;

        function modelCreated() {
            if (--wait === 0) {
                callback(gotError ? errors : null, instances);
            }
        }
    }


    var obj;
    // if we come from save
    if (data instanceof Model && !getIdValue(this, data)) {
        obj = data;
    } else {
        obj = new Model(data);
    }
    data = obj.toObject(true);

    // validation required
    obj.isValid(function(valid) {
        if (valid) {
            create();
        } else {
            callback(new ValidationError(obj), obj);
        }
    }, data);

    function create() {
        obj.trigger('create', function(createDone) {
            obj.trigger('save', function(saveDone) {

                var _idName = idName(Model);
                this._adapter().create(modelName, this.constructor._forDB(obj.toObject(true)), function (err, id, rev) {
                    if (id) {
                        obj.__data[_idName] = id;
                        obj.__dataWas[_idName] = id;
                        defineReadonlyProp(obj, _idName, id);
                    }
                    if (rev) {
                        obj._rev = rev;
                    }
                    if (err) {
                        return callback(err, obj);
                    }
                    saveDone.call(obj, function () {
                        createDone.call(obj, function () {
                            callback(err, obj);
                        });
                    });
                }, obj);
            }, obj);
        }, obj);
    }

    // for chaining
    return obj;
};

/*!
 * Configure the remoting attributes for a given function
 * @param {Function} fn The function
 * @param {Object} options The options
 * @private
 */
function setRemoting(fn, options) {
    options = options || {};
    for(var opt in options) {
        if(options.hasOwnProperty(opt)) {
            fn[opt] = options[opt];
        }
    }
    fn.shared = true;
}

setRemoting(DataAccessObject.create, {
    description: 'Create a new instance of the model and persist it into the data source',
    accepts: {arg: 'data', type: 'object', description: 'Model instance data', http: {source: 'body'}},
    returns: {arg: 'data', type: 'object', root: true},
    http: {verb: 'post', path: '/'}
});

function stillConnecting(dataSource, obj, args) {
    return dataSource.ready(obj, args);
}

/**
 * Update or insert a model instance
 * @param {Object} data The model instance data
 * @param {Function} [callback] The callback function
 */
DataAccessObject.upsert = DataAccessObject.updateOrCreate = function upsert(data, callback) {
    if (stillConnecting(this.getDataSource(), this, arguments)) return;

    var Model = this;
    if (!getIdValue(this, data)) return this.create(data, callback);
    if (this.getDataSource().connector.updateOrCreate) {
        var inst = new Model(data);
        this.getDataSource().connector.updateOrCreate(Model.modelName, inst.toObject(true), function (err, data) {
            var obj;
            if (data) {
                inst._initProperties(data, false);
                obj = inst;
            } else {
                obj = null;
            }
            callback(err, obj);
        });
    } else {
        this.findById(getIdValue(this, data), function (err, inst) {
            if (err) return callback(err);
            if (inst) {
                inst.updateAttributes(data, callback);
            } else {
                var obj = new Model(data);
                obj.save(data, callback);
            }
        });
    }
};

// upsert ~ remoting attributes
setRemoting(DataAccessObject.upsert, {
    description: 'Update an existing model instance or insert a new one into the data source',
    accepts: {arg: 'data', type: 'object', description: 'Model instance data', http: {source: 'body'}},
    returns: {arg: 'data', type: 'object', root: true},
    http: {verb: 'put', path: '/'}
});


/**
 * Find one record, same as `all`, limited by 1 and return object, not collection,
 * if not found, create using data provided as second argument
 * 
 * @param {Object} query - search conditions: {where: {test: 'me'}}.
 * @param {Object} data - object to create.
 * @param {Function} cb - callback called with (err, instance)
 */
DataAccessObject.findOrCreate = function findOrCreate(query, data, callback) {
    if (query === undefined) {
        query = {where: {}};
    }
    if (typeof data === 'function' || typeof data === 'undefined') {
        callback = data;
        data = query && query.where;
    }
    if (typeof callback === 'undefined') {
        callback = function () {};
    }

    var t = this;
    this.findOne(query, function (err, record) {
        if (err) return callback(err);
        if (record) return callback(null, record);
        t.create(data, callback);
    });
};

/**
 * Check whether a model instance exists in database
 *
 * @param {id} id - identifier of object (primary key value)
 * @param {Function} cb - callbacl called with (err, exists: Bool)
 */
DataAccessObject.exists = function exists(id, cb) {
    if (stillConnecting(this.getDataSource(), this, arguments)) return;

    if (id !== undefined && id !== null && id !== '') {
        this.dataSource.connector.exists(this.modelName, id, cb);
    } else {
        cb(new Error('Model::exists requires the id argument'));
    }
};

// exists ~ remoting attributes
setRemoting(DataAccessObject.exists, {
    description: 'Check whether a model instance exists in the data source',
    accepts: {arg: 'id', type: 'any', description: 'Model id', required: true},
    returns: {arg: 'exists', type: 'any'},
    http: {verb: 'get', path: '/:id/exists'}
});

/**
 * Find object by id
 *
 * @param {*} id - primary key value
 * @param {Function} cb - callback called with (err, instance)
 */
DataAccessObject.findById = function find(id, cb) {
    if (stillConnecting(this.getDataSource(), this, arguments)) return;

    this.getDataSource().connector.find(this.modelName, id, function (err, data) {
        var obj = null;
        if (data) {
            if (!getIdValue(this, data)) {
                setIdValue(this, data, id);
            }
            obj = new this();
            obj._initProperties(data, false);
        }
        cb(err, obj);
    }.bind(this));
};

// find ~ remoting attributes
setRemoting(DataAccessObject.findById, {
    description: 'Find a model instance by id from the data source',
    accepts: {arg: 'id', type: 'any', description: 'Model id', required: true},
    returns: {arg: 'data', type: 'any', root: true},
    http: {verb: 'get', path: '/:id'},
    rest: {after: convertNullToNotFoundError}
});

function convertNullToNotFoundError(ctx, cb) {
  if (ctx.result !== null) return cb();

  var modelName = ctx.method.sharedClass.name;
  var id = ctx.getArgByName('id');
  var msg = 'Unkown "' + modelName + '" id "' + id + '".';
  var error = new Error(msg);
  error.statusCode = error.status = 404;
  cb(error);
}

// alias function for backwards compat.
DataAccessObject.all = function () {
  DataAccessObject.find.apply(this, arguments);
};

var operators = {
    gt: '>',
    gte: '>=',
    lt: '<',
    lte: '<=',
    between: 'BETWEEN',
    inq: 'IN',
    nin: 'NOT IN',
    neq: '!=',
    like: 'LIKE',
    nlike: 'NOT LIKE'
};

DataAccessObject._coerce = function (where) {
    if (!where) {
        return where;
    }

    var props = this.getDataSource().getModelDefinition(this.modelName).properties;
    for (var p in where) {
        var DataType = props[p] && props[p].type;
        if (!DataType) {
            continue;
        }
        if (Array.isArray(DataType) || DataType === Array) {
            DataType = DataType[0];
        }
        if (DataType === Date) {
            var OrigDate = Date;
            DataType = function Date(arg) {
                return new OrigDate(arg);
            };
        } else if (DataType === Boolean) {
            DataType = function(val) {
                if(val === 'true') {
                    return true;
                } else if(val === 'false') {
                  return false;
                } else {
                  return Boolean(val);
                }
            };
        } else if(DataType === Number) {
            // This fixes a regression in mongodb connector
            // For numbers, only convert it produces a valid number
            // LoopBack by default injects a number id. We should fix it based
            // on the connector's input, for example, MongoDB should use string
            // while RDBs typically use number
            DataType = function(val) {
                var num = Number(val);
                return !isNaN(num) ? num : val;
            };
        }

        if (!DataType) {
            continue;
        }

        if (DataType === geo.GeoPoint) {
            // Skip the GeoPoint as the near operator breaks the assumption that
            // an operation has only one property
            // We should probably fix it based on
            // http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/operator/query/near/
            // The other option is to make operators start with $
            continue;
        }

        var val = where[p];
        if(val === null || val === undefined) {
            continue;
        }
        // Check there is an operator
        var operator = null;
        if ('object' === typeof val) {
            if (Object.keys(val).length !== 1) {
                // Skip if there are not only one properties
                // as the assumption for operators is not true here
                continue;
            }
            for (var op in operators) {
                if (op in val) {
                    val = val[op];
                    operator = op;
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        // Coerce the array items
        if (Array.isArray(val)) {
            for (var i = 0; i < val.length; i++) {
                val[i] = DataType(val[i]);
            }
        } else {
            val = DataType(val);
        }
        // Rebuild {property: {operator: value}}
        if (operator) {
            var value = {};
            value[operator] = val;
            val = value;
        }
        where[p] = val;
    }
    return where;
};

/**
 * Find all instances of Model, matched by query
 * make sure you have marked as `index: true` fields for filter or sort
 *
 * @param {Object} params (optional)
 *
 * - where: Object `{ key: val, key2: {gt: 'val2'}}`
 * - include: String, Object or Array. See DataAccessObject.include documentation.
 * - order: String
 * - limit: Number
 * - skip: Number
 *
 * @param {Function} callback (required) called with arguments:
 *
 * - err (null or Error)
 * - Array of instances
 */

DataAccessObject.find = function find(params, cb) {
    if (stillConnecting(this.getDataSource(), this, arguments)) return;

    if (arguments.length === 1) {
        cb = params;
        params = null;
    }
    var constr = this;
    
    params = params || {};

    if(params.where) {
        params.where = this._coerce(params.where);
    }

    var fields = params.fields;
    var near = params && geo.nearFilter(params.where);
    var supportsGeo = !!this.getDataSource().connector.buildNearFilter;
    
    // normalize fields as array of included property names
    if(fields) {
        params.fields = fieldsToArray(fields, Object.keys(this.definition.properties));
    }

    params = removeUndefined(params);
    if(near) {
      if(supportsGeo) {
        // convert it
        this.getDataSource().connector.buildNearFilter(params, near);
      } else if(params.where) {
        // do in memory query
        // using all documents
        this.getDataSource().connector.all(this.modelName, {}, function (err, data) {
          var memory = new Memory();
          var modelName = constr.modelName;
          
          if(err) {
            cb(err);
          } else if(Array.isArray(data)) {
            memory.define({
              properties: constr.dataSource.definitions[constr.modelName].properties,
              settings: constr.dataSource.definitions[constr.modelName].settings,
              model: constr
            });
            
            data.forEach(function (obj) {
              memory.create(modelName, obj, function () {
                // noop
              });
            });
            
            memory.all(modelName, params, cb);
          } else {
            cb(null, []);
          }
        }.bind(this));
        
        // already handled
        return;
      }
    }
    
    this.getDataSource().connector.all(this.modelName, params, function (err, data) {
        if (data && data.forEach) {
            data.forEach(function (d, i) {
                var obj = new constr();

                obj._initProperties(d, false, params.fields);
                
                if (params && params.include && params.collect) {
                    data[i] = obj.__cachedRelations[params.collect];
                } else {
                    data[i] = obj;
                }
            });
            if (data && data.countBeforeLimit) {
                data.countBeforeLimit = data.countBeforeLimit;
            }
            if(!supportsGeo && near) {
              data = geo.filter(data, near);
            }
            
            cb(err, data);
        }
        else
            cb(err, []);
    });
};

// all ~ remoting attributes
setRemoting(DataAccessObject.find, {
    description: 'Find all instances of the model matched by filter from the data source',
    accepts: {arg: 'filter', type: 'object', description: 'Filter defining fields, where, orderBy, offset, and limit'},
    returns: {arg: 'data', type: 'array', root: true},
    http: {verb: 'get', path: '/'}
});

/**
 * Find one record, same as `all`, limited by 1 and return object, not collection
 * 
 * @param {Object} params - search conditions: {where: {test: 'me'}}
 * @param {Function} cb - callback called with (err, instance)
 */
DataAccessObject.findOne = function findOne(params, cb) {
    if (stillConnecting(this.getDataSource(), this, arguments)) return;

    if (typeof params === 'function') {
        cb = params;
        params = {};
    }
    params = params || {};
    params.limit = 1;
    this.find(params, function (err, collection) {
        if (err || !collection || !collection.length > 0) return cb(err, null);
        cb(err, collection[0]);
    });
};

setRemoting(DataAccessObject.findOne, {
    description: 'Find first instance of the model matched by filter from the data source',
    accepts: {arg: 'filter', type: 'object', description: 'Filter defining fields, where, orderBy, offset, and limit'},
    returns: {arg: 'data', type: 'object', root: true},
    http: {verb: 'get', path: '/findOne'}
});


/**
 * Destroy all matching records
 * @param {Object} [where] An object that defines the criteria
 * @param {Function} [cb] - callback called with (err)
 */
DataAccessObject.remove =
DataAccessObject.deleteAll =
DataAccessObject.destroyAll = function destroyAll(where, cb) {
    if (stillConnecting(this.getDataSource(), this, arguments)) return;

    if(!cb && 'function' === typeof where) {
        cb = where;
        where = undefined;
    }
    if(!where) {
        this.getDataSource().connector.destroyAll(this.modelName, function (err, data) {
            cb && cb(err, data);
        }.bind(this));
    } else {
        // Support an optional where object
        where = removeUndefined(where);
        where = this._coerce(where);
        this.getDataSource().connector.destroyAll(this.modelName, where, function (err, data) {
            cb && cb(err, data);
        }.bind(this));
    }
};

/**
 * Destroy a record by id
 * @param {*} id The id value
 * @param {Function} cb - callback called with (err)
 */
DataAccessObject.removeById =
DataAccessObject.deleteById =
    DataAccessObject.destroyById = function deleteById(id, cb) {
        if (stillConnecting(this.getDataSource(), this, arguments)) return;

        this.getDataSource().connector.destroy(this.modelName, id, function (err) {
            if ('function' === typeof cb) {
                cb(err);
            }
        }.bind(this));
    };

// deleteById ~ remoting attributes
setRemoting(DataAccessObject.deleteById, {
    description: 'Delete a model instance by id from the data source',
    accepts: {arg: 'id', type: 'any', description: 'Model id', required: true},
    http: {verb: 'del', path: '/:id'}
});


/**
 * Return count of matched records
 *
 * @param {Object} where - search conditions (optional)
 * @param {Function} cb - callback, called with (err, count)
 */
DataAccessObject.count = function (where, cb) {
    if (stillConnecting(this.getDataSource(), this, arguments)) return;

    if (typeof where === 'function') {
        cb = where;
        where = null;
    }
    where = removeUndefined(where);
    where = this._coerce(where);
    this.getDataSource().connector.count(this.modelName, cb, where);
};


// count ~ remoting attributes
setRemoting(DataAccessObject.count, {
    description: 'Count instances of the model matched by where from the data source',
    accepts: {arg: 'where', type: 'object', description: 'Criteria to match model instances'},
    returns: {arg: 'count', type: 'number'},
    http: {verb: 'get', path: '/count'}
});


/**
 * Save instance. When instance haven't id, create method called instead.
 * Triggers: validate, save, update | create
 * @param options {validate: true, throws: false} [optional]
 * @param callback(err, obj)
 */
DataAccessObject.prototype.save = function (options, callback) {
    if (stillConnecting(this.getDataSource(), this, arguments)) return;

    if (typeof options == 'function') {
        callback = options;
        options = {};
    }

    callback = callback || function () {};
    options = options || {};

    if (!('validate' in options)) {
        options.validate = true;
    }
    if (!('throws' in options)) {
        options.throws = false;
    }

    var inst = this;
    var data = inst.toObject(true);
    var Model = this.constructor;
    var modelName = Model.modelName;

    if (!getIdValue(Model, this)) {
        return Model.create(this, callback);
    }

    // validate first
    if (!options.validate) {
        return save();
    }

    inst.isValid(function (valid) {
        if (valid) {
            save();
        } else {
            var err = new ValidationError(inst);
            // throws option is dangerous for async usage
            if (options.throws) {
                throw err;
            }
            callback(err, inst);
        }
    });

    // then save
    function save() {
        inst.trigger('save', function (saveDone) {
            inst.trigger('update', function (updateDone) {
                inst._adapter().save(modelName, inst.constructor._forDB(data), function (err) {
                    if (err) {
                        return callback(err, inst);
                    }
                    inst._initProperties(data, false);
                    updateDone.call(inst, function () {
                        saveDone.call(inst, function () {
                            callback(err, inst);
                        });
                    });
                });
            }, data);
        }, data);
    }
};


DataAccessObject.prototype.isNewRecord = function () {
    return !getIdValue(this.constructor, this);
};

/**
 * Return connector of current record
 * @private
 */
DataAccessObject.prototype._adapter = function () {
    return this.getDataSource().connector;
};

/**
 * Delete object from persistence
 *
 * @triggers `destroy` hook (async) before and after destroying object
 */
DataAccessObject.prototype.remove =
DataAccessObject.prototype.delete =
DataAccessObject.prototype.destroy = function (cb) {
    if (stillConnecting(this.getDataSource(), this, arguments)) return;

    this.trigger('destroy', function (destroyed) {
        this._adapter().destroy(this.constructor.modelName, getIdValue(this.constructor, this), function (err) {
            if (err) {
                return cb(err);
            }

            destroyed(function () {
                if(cb) cb();
            });
        }.bind(this));
    });
};


/**
 * Update single attribute
 *
 * equals to `updateAttributes({name: value}, cb)
 *
 * @param {String} name - name of property
 * @param {Mixed} value - value of property
 * @param {Function} callback - callback called with (err, instance)
 */
DataAccessObject.prototype.updateAttribute = function updateAttribute(name, value, callback) {
    var data = {};
    data[name] = value;
    this.updateAttributes(data, callback);
};

/**
 * Update set of attributes
 *
 * this method performs validation before updating
 *
 * @trigger `validation`, `save` and `update` hooks
 * @param {Object} data - data to update
 * @param {Function} callback - callback called with (err, instance)
 */
DataAccessObject.prototype.updateAttributes = function updateAttributes(data, cb) {
    if (stillConnecting(this.getDataSource(), this, arguments)) return;

    var inst = this;
    var model = this.constructor.modelName;

    if (typeof data === 'function') {
        cb = data;
        data = null;
    }

    if (!data) {
        data = {};
    }

    // update instance's properties
    for(var key in data) {
        inst[key] = data[key];
    }

    inst.isValid(function (valid) {
        if (!valid) {
            if (cb) {
                cb(new ValidationError(inst), inst);
            }
        } else {
            inst.trigger('save', function (saveDone) {
                inst.trigger('update', function (done) {

                    for(var key in data) {
                        inst[key] = data[key];
                    }

                    inst._adapter().updateAttributes(model, getIdValue(inst.constructor, inst), inst.constructor._forDB(data), function (err) {
                        if (!err) {
                            // update $was attrs
                            for(var key in data) {
                                inst.__dataWas[key] = inst.__data[key];
                            };
                        }
                        done.call(inst, function () {
                            saveDone.call(inst, function () {
                                cb(err, inst);
                            });
                        });
                    });
                }, data);
            }, data);
        }
    }, data);
};

// updateAttributes ~ remoting attributes
setRemoting(DataAccessObject.prototype.updateAttributes, {
    description: 'Update attributes for a model instance and persist it into the data source',
    accepts: {arg: 'data', type: 'object', http: {source: 'body'}, description: 'An object of model property name/value pairs'},
    returns: {arg: 'data', type: 'object', root: true},
    http: {verb: 'put', path: '/'}
});


/**
 * Reload object from persistence
 *
 * @requires `id` member of `object` to be able to call `find`
 * @param {Function} callback - called with (err, instance) arguments
 */
DataAccessObject.prototype.reload = function reload(callback) {
    if (stillConnecting(this.getDataSource(), this, arguments)) return;

    this.constructor.findById(getIdValue(this.constructor, this), callback);
};

/*
setRemoting(DataAccessObject.prototype.reload, {
    description: 'Reload a model instance from the data source',
    returns: {arg: 'data', type: 'object', root: true}
});
*/

/**
 * Define readonly property on object
 *
 * @param {Object} obj
 * @param {String} key
 * @param {Mixed} value
 */
function defineReadonlyProp(obj, key, value) {
    Object.defineProperty(obj, key, {
        writable: false,
        enumerable: true,
        configurable: true,
        value: value
    });
}

var defineScope = require('./scope.js').defineScope;

/**
 * Define scope
 */
DataAccessObject.scope = function (name, filter, targetClass) {
    defineScope(this, targetClass || this, name, filter);
};

// jutil.mixin(DataAccessObject, validations.Validatable);
jutil.mixin(DataAccessObject, Inclusion);
jutil.mixin(DataAccessObject, Relation);