loopback/common/models/acl.js

500 lines
16 KiB
JavaScript

/*!
Schema ACL options
Object level permissions, for example, an album owned by a user
Factors to be authorized against:
* model name: Album
* model instance properties: userId of the album, friends, shared
* methods
* app and/or user ids/roles
** loggedIn
** roles
** userId
** appId
** none
** everyone
** relations: owner/friend/granted
Class level permissions, for example, Album
* model name: Album
* methods
URL/Route level permissions
* url pattern
* application id
* ip addresses
* http headers
Map to oAuth 2.0 scopes
*/
var loopback = require('../../lib/loopback');
var async = require('async');
var assert = require('assert');
var debug = require('debug')('loopback:security:acl');
var ctx = require('../../lib/access-context');
var AccessContext = ctx.AccessContext;
var Principal = ctx.Principal;
var AccessRequest = ctx.AccessRequest;
var Role = loopback.Role;
assert(Role, 'Role model must be defined before ACL model');
/**
* A Model for access control meta data.
*
* System grants permissions to principals (users/applications, can be grouped
* into roles).
*
* Protected resource: the model data and operations
* (model/property/method/relation/…)
*
* For a given principal, such as client application and/or user, is it allowed
* to access (read/write/execute)
* the protected resource?
*
* @header ACL
* @property {String} model Name of the model.
* @property {String} property Name of the property, method, scope, or relation.
* @property {String} accessType Type of access being granted: one of READ, WRITE, or EXECUTE.
* @property {String} permission Type of permission granted. One of:
*
* - ALARM: Generate an alarm, in a system-dependent way, the access specified in the permissions component of the ACL entry.
* - ALLOW: Explicitly grants access to the resource.
* - AUDIT: Log, in a system-dependent way, the access specified in the permissions component of the ACL entry.
* - DENY: Explicitly denies access to the resource.
* @property {String} principalType Type of the principal; one of: Application, Use, Role.
* @property {String} principalId ID of the principal - such as appId, userId or roleId.
* @property {Object} settings Extends the `Model.settings` object.
* @property {String} settings.defaultPermission Default permission setting: ALLOW, DENY, ALARM, or AUDIT. Default is ALLOW.
* Set to DENY to prohibit all API access by default.
*
* @class ACL
* @inherits PersistedModel
*/
module.exports = function(ACL) {
ACL.ALL = AccessContext.ALL;
ACL.DEFAULT = AccessContext.DEFAULT; // Not specified
ACL.ALLOW = AccessContext.ALLOW; // Allow
ACL.ALARM = AccessContext.ALARM; // Warn - send an alarm
ACL.AUDIT = AccessContext.AUDIT; // Audit - record the access
ACL.DENY = AccessContext.DENY; // Deny
ACL.READ = AccessContext.READ; // Read operation
ACL.REPLICATE = AccessContext.REPLICATE; // Replicate (pull) changes
ACL.WRITE = AccessContext.WRITE; // Write operation
ACL.EXECUTE = AccessContext.EXECUTE; // Execute operation
ACL.USER = Principal.USER;
ACL.APP = ACL.APPLICATION = Principal.APPLICATION;
ACL.ROLE = Principal.ROLE;
ACL.SCOPE = Principal.SCOPE;
/**
* Calculate the matching score for the given rule and request
* @param {ACL} rule The ACL entry
* @param {AccessRequest} req The request
* @returns {Number}
*/
ACL.getMatchingScore = function getMatchingScore(rule, req) {
var props = ['model', 'property', 'accessType'];
var score = 0;
for (var i = 0; i < props.length; i++) {
// Shift the score by 4 for each of the properties as the weight
score = score * 4;
var ruleValue = rule[props[i]] || ACL.ALL;
var requestedValue = req[props[i]] || ACL.ALL;
var isMatchingMethodName = props[i] === 'property' && req.methodNames.indexOf(ruleValue) !== -1;
var isMatchingAccessType = ruleValue === requestedValue;
if (props[i] === 'accessType' && !isMatchingAccessType) {
switch (ruleValue) {
case ACL.EXECUTE:
// EXECUTE should match READ, REPLICATE and WRITE
isMatchingAccessType = true;
break;
case ACL.WRITE:
// WRITE should match REPLICATE too
isMatchingAccessType = requestedValue === ACL.REPLICATE;
break;
}
}
if (isMatchingMethodName || isMatchingAccessType) {
// Exact match
score += 3;
} else if (ruleValue === ACL.ALL) {
// Wildcard match
score += 2;
} else if (requestedValue === ACL.ALL) {
score += 1;
} else {
// Doesn't match at all
return -1;
}
}
// Weigh against the principal type into 4 levels
// - user level (explicitly allow/deny a given user)
// - app level (explicitly allow/deny a given app)
// - role level (role based authorization)
// - other
// user > app > role > ...
score = score * 4;
switch (rule.principalType) {
case ACL.USER:
score += 4;
break;
case ACL.APP:
score += 3;
break;
case ACL.ROLE:
score += 2;
break;
default:
score += 1;
}
// Weigh against the roles
// everyone < authenticated/unauthenticated < related < owner < ...
score = score * 8;
if (rule.principalType === ACL.ROLE) {
switch (rule.principalId) {
case Role.OWNER:
score += 4;
break;
case Role.RELATED:
score += 3;
break;
case Role.AUTHENTICATED:
case Role.UNAUTHENTICATED:
score += 2;
break;
case Role.EVERYONE:
score += 1;
break;
default:
score += 5;
}
}
score = score * 4;
score += AccessContext.permissionOrder[rule.permission || ACL.ALLOW] - 1;
return score;
};
/**
* Get matching score for the given `AccessRequest`.
* @param {AccessRequest} req The request
* @returns {Number} score
*/
ACL.prototype.score = function(req) {
return this.constructor.getMatchingScore(this, req);
};
/*!
* Resolve permission from the ACLs
* @param {Object[]) acls The list of ACLs
* @param {Object} req The request
* @returns {AccessRequest} result The effective ACL
*/
ACL.resolvePermission = function resolvePermission(acls, req) {
if (!(req instanceof AccessRequest)) {
req = new AccessRequest(req);
}
// Sort by the matching score in descending order
acls = acls.sort(function(rule1, rule2) {
return ACL.getMatchingScore(rule2, req) - ACL.getMatchingScore(rule1, req);
});
var permission = ACL.DEFAULT;
var score = 0;
for (var i = 0; i < acls.length; i++) {
var candidate = acls[i];
score = ACL.getMatchingScore(candidate, req);
if (score < 0) {
// the highest scored ACL did not match
break;
}
if (!req.isWildcard()) {
// We should stop from the first match for non-wildcard
permission = candidate.permission;
break;
} else {
if (req.exactlyMatches(candidate)) {
permission = candidate.permission;
break;
}
// For wildcard match, find the strongest permission
var candidateOrder = AccessContext.permissionOrder[candidate.permission];
var permissionOrder = AccessContext.permissionOrder[permission];
if (candidateOrder > permissionOrder) {
permission = candidate.permission;
}
}
}
if (debug.enabled) {
debug('The following ACLs were searched: ');
acls.forEach(function(acl) {
acl.debug();
debug('with score:', acl.score(req));
});
}
var res = new AccessRequest(req.model, req.property, req.accessType,
permission || ACL.DEFAULT);
return res;
};
/*!
* Get the static ACLs from the model definition
* @param {String} model The model name
* @param {String} property The property/method/relation name
*
* @return {Object[]} An array of ACLs
*/
ACL.getStaticACLs = function getStaticACLs(model, property) {
var modelClass = loopback.findModel(model);
var staticACLs = [];
if (modelClass && modelClass.settings.acls) {
modelClass.settings.acls.forEach(function(acl) {
var prop = acl.property;
// We support static ACL property with array of string values.
if (Array.isArray(prop) && prop.indexOf(property) >= 0)
prop = property;
if (!prop || prop === ACL.ALL || property === prop) {
staticACLs.push(new ACL({
model: model,
property: prop || ACL.ALL,
principalType: acl.principalType,
principalId: acl.principalId, // TODO: Should it be a name?
accessType: acl.accessType || ACL.ALL,
permission: acl.permission
}));
}
});
}
var prop = modelClass && (
// regular property
modelClass.definition.properties[property] ||
// relation/scope
(modelClass._scopeMeta && modelClass._scopeMeta[property]) ||
// static method
modelClass[property] ||
// prototype method
modelClass.prototype[property]);
if (prop && prop.acls) {
prop.acls.forEach(function(acl) {
staticACLs.push(new ACL({
model: modelClass.modelName,
property: property,
principalType: acl.principalType,
principalId: acl.principalId,
accessType: acl.accessType,
permission: acl.permission
}));
});
}
return staticACLs;
};
/**
* Check if the given principal is allowed to access the model/property
* @param {String} principalType The principal type.
* @param {String} principalId The principal ID.
* @param {String} model The model name.
* @param {String} property The property/method/relation name.
* @param {String} accessType The access type.
* @callback {Function} callback Callback function.
* @param {String|Error} err The error object
* @param {AccessRequest} result The access permission
*/
ACL.checkPermission = function checkPermission(principalType, principalId,
model, property, accessType,
callback) {
if (principalId !== null && principalId !== undefined && (typeof principalId !== 'string')) {
principalId = principalId.toString();
}
property = property || ACL.ALL;
var propertyQuery = (property === ACL.ALL) ? undefined : {inq: [property, ACL.ALL]};
accessType = accessType || ACL.ALL;
var accessTypeQuery = (accessType === ACL.ALL) ? undefined : {inq: [accessType, ACL.ALL, ACL.EXECUTE]};
var req = new AccessRequest(model, property, accessType);
var acls = this.getStaticACLs(model, property);
var resolved = this.resolvePermission(acls, req);
if (resolved && resolved.permission === ACL.DENY) {
debug('Permission denied by statically resolved permission');
debug(' Resolved Permission: %j', resolved);
process.nextTick(function() {
if (callback) callback(null, resolved);
});
return;
}
var self = this;
this.find({where: {principalType: principalType, principalId: principalId,
model: model, property: propertyQuery, accessType: accessTypeQuery}},
function(err, dynACLs) {
if (err) {
if (callback) callback(err);
return;
}
acls = acls.concat(dynACLs);
resolved = self.resolvePermission(acls, req);
if (resolved && resolved.permission === ACL.DEFAULT) {
var modelClass = loopback.findModel(model);
resolved.permission = (modelClass && modelClass.settings.defaultPermission) || ACL.ALLOW;
}
if (callback) callback(null, resolved);
});
};
ACL.prototype.debug = function() {
if (debug.enabled) {
debug('---ACL---');
debug('model %s', this.model);
debug('property %s', this.property);
debug('principalType %s', this.principalType);
debug('principalId %s', this.principalId);
debug('accessType %s', this.accessType);
debug('permission %s', this.permission);
}
};
/**
* Check if the request has the permission to access.
* @options {Object} context See below.
* @property {Object[]} principals An array of principals.
* @property {String|Model} model The model name or model class.
* @property {*} id The model instance ID.
* @property {String} property The property/method/relation name.
* @property {String} accessType The access type:
* READ, REPLICATE, WRITE, or EXECUTE.
* @param {Function} callback Callback function
*/
ACL.checkAccessForContext = function(context, callback) {
var registry = this.registry;
if (!(context instanceof AccessContext)) {
context = new AccessContext(context);
}
var model = context.model;
var property = context.property;
var accessType = context.accessType;
var modelName = context.modelName;
var methodNames = context.methodNames;
var propertyQuery = (property === ACL.ALL) ? undefined : {inq: methodNames.concat([ACL.ALL])};
var accessTypeQuery = (accessType === ACL.ALL) ?
undefined :
(accessType === ACL.REPLICATE) ?
{inq: [ACL.REPLICATE, ACL.WRITE, ACL.ALL]} :
{inq: [accessType, ACL.ALL]};
var req = new AccessRequest(modelName, property, accessType, ACL.DEFAULT, methodNames);
var effectiveACLs = [];
var staticACLs = this.getStaticACLs(model.modelName, property);
var self = this;
var roleModel = registry.getModelByType(Role);
this.find({where: {model: model.modelName, property: propertyQuery,
accessType: accessTypeQuery}}, function(err, acls) {
if (err) {
if (callback) callback(err);
return;
}
var inRoleTasks = [];
acls = acls.concat(staticACLs);
acls.forEach(function(acl) {
// Check exact matches
for (var i = 0; i < context.principals.length; i++) {
var p = context.principals[i];
var typeMatch = p.type === acl.principalType;
var idMatch = String(p.id) === String(acl.principalId);
if (typeMatch && idMatch) {
effectiveACLs.push(acl);
return;
}
}
// Check role matches
if (acl.principalType === ACL.ROLE) {
inRoleTasks.push(function(done) {
roleModel.isInRole(acl.principalId, context,
function(err, inRole) {
if (!err && inRole) {
effectiveACLs.push(acl);
}
done(err, acl);
});
});
}
});
async.parallel(inRoleTasks, function(err, results) {
if (err) {
if (callback) callback(err, null);
return;
}
var resolved = self.resolvePermission(effectiveACLs, req);
if (resolved && resolved.permission === ACL.DEFAULT) {
resolved.permission = (model && model.settings.defaultPermission) || ACL.ALLOW;
}
debug('---Resolved---');
resolved.debug();
if (callback) callback(null, resolved);
});
});
};
/**
* Check if the given access token can invoke the method
* @param {AccessToken} token The access token
* @param {String} model The model name
* @param {*} modelId The model id
* @param {String} method The method name
* @callback {Function} callback Callback function
* @param {String|Error} err The error object
* @param {Boolean} allowed is the request allowed
*/
ACL.checkAccessForToken = function(token, model, modelId, method, callback) {
assert(token, 'Access token is required');
var context = new AccessContext({
accessToken: token,
model: model,
property: method,
method: method,
modelId: modelId
});
this.checkAccessForContext(context, function(err, access) {
if (err) {
if (callback) callback(err);
return;
}
if (callback) callback(null, access.permission !== ACL.DENY);
});
};
};