632 lines
20 KiB
C
632 lines
20 KiB
C
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/*
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* Copyright (c) Facebook, Inc. and its affiliates.
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*
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* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
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* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
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* You may obtain a copy of the License at
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*
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* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
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*
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* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
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* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
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* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
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* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
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* limitations under the License.
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*/
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#pragma once
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#define FOLLY_STRING_H_
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#include <cstdarg>
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#include <exception>
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#include <string>
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#include <unordered_map>
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#include <unordered_set>
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#include <vector>
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#include <folly/Conv.h>
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#include <folly/ExceptionString.h>
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#include <folly/Portability.h>
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#include <folly/Range.h>
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#include <folly/ScopeGuard.h>
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#include <folly/Traits.h>
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namespace folly {
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/**
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* C-Escape a string, making it suitable for representation as a C string
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* literal. Appends the result to the output string.
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*
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* Backslashes all occurrences of backslash and double-quote:
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* " -> \"
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* \ -> \\
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*
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* Replaces all non-printable ASCII characters with backslash-octal
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* representation:
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* <ASCII 254> -> \376
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*
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* Note that we use backslash-octal instead of backslash-hex because the octal
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* representation is guaranteed to consume no more than 3 characters; "\3760"
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* represents two characters, one with value 254, and one with value 48 ('0'),
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* whereas "\xfe0" represents only one character (with value 4064, which leads
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* to implementation-defined behavior).
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*/
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template <class String>
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void cEscape(StringPiece str, String& out);
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/**
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* Similar to cEscape above, but returns the escaped string.
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*/
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template <class String>
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String cEscape(StringPiece str) {
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String out;
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cEscape(str, out);
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return out;
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}
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/**
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* C-Unescape a string; the opposite of cEscape above. Appends the result
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* to the output string.
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*
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* Recognizes the standard C escape sequences:
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*
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* \' \" \? \\ \a \b \f \n \r \t \v
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* \[0-7]+
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* \x[0-9a-fA-F]+
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*
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* In strict mode (default), throws std::invalid_argument if it encounters
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* an unrecognized escape sequence. In non-strict mode, it leaves
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* the escape sequence unchanged.
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*/
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template <class String>
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void cUnescape(StringPiece str, String& out, bool strict = true);
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/**
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* Similar to cUnescape above, but returns the escaped string.
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*/
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template <class String>
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String cUnescape(StringPiece str, bool strict = true) {
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String out;
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cUnescape(str, out, strict);
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return out;
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}
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/**
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* URI-escape a string. Appends the result to the output string.
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*
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* Alphanumeric characters and other characters marked as "unreserved" in RFC
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* 3986 ( -_.~ ) are left unchanged. In PATH mode, the forward slash (/) is
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* also left unchanged. In QUERY mode, spaces are replaced by '+'. All other
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* characters are percent-encoded.
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*/
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enum class UriEscapeMode : unsigned char {
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// The values are meaningful, see generate_escape_tables.py
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ALL = 0,
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QUERY = 1,
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PATH = 2
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};
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template <class String>
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void uriEscape(
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StringPiece str,
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String& out,
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UriEscapeMode mode = UriEscapeMode::ALL);
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/**
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* Similar to uriEscape above, but returns the escaped string.
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*/
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template <class String>
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String uriEscape(StringPiece str, UriEscapeMode mode = UriEscapeMode::ALL) {
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String out;
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uriEscape(str, out, mode);
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return out;
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}
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/**
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* URI-unescape a string. Appends the result to the output string.
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*
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* In QUERY mode, '+' are replaced by space. %XX sequences are decoded if
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* XX is a valid hex sequence, otherwise we throw invalid_argument.
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*/
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template <class String>
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void uriUnescape(
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StringPiece str,
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String& out,
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UriEscapeMode mode = UriEscapeMode::ALL);
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/**
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* Similar to uriUnescape above, but returns the unescaped string.
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*/
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template <class String>
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String uriUnescape(StringPiece str, UriEscapeMode mode = UriEscapeMode::ALL) {
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String out;
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uriUnescape(str, out, mode);
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return out;
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}
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/**
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* stringPrintf is much like printf but deposits its result into a
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* string. Two signatures are supported: the first simply returns the
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* resulting string, and the second appends the produced characters to
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* the specified string and returns a reference to it.
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*/
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std::string stringPrintf(FOLLY_PRINTF_FORMAT const char* format, ...)
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FOLLY_PRINTF_FORMAT_ATTR(1, 2);
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/* Similar to stringPrintf, with different signature. */
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void stringPrintf(std::string* out, FOLLY_PRINTF_FORMAT const char* format, ...)
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FOLLY_PRINTF_FORMAT_ATTR(2, 3);
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std::string& stringAppendf(
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std::string* output,
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FOLLY_PRINTF_FORMAT const char* format,
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...) FOLLY_PRINTF_FORMAT_ATTR(2, 3);
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/**
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* Similar to stringPrintf, but accepts a va_list argument.
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*
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* As with vsnprintf() itself, the value of ap is undefined after the call.
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* These functions do not call va_end() on ap.
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*/
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std::string stringVPrintf(const char* format, va_list ap);
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void stringVPrintf(std::string* out, const char* format, va_list ap);
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std::string& stringVAppendf(std::string* out, const char* format, va_list ap);
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/**
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* Backslashify a string, that is, replace non-printable characters
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* with C-style (but NOT C compliant) "\xHH" encoding. If hex_style
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* is false, then shorthand notations like "\0" will be used instead
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* of "\x00" for the most common backslash cases.
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*
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* There are two forms, one returning the input string, and one
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* creating output in the specified output string.
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*
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* This is mainly intended for printing to a terminal, so it is not
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* particularly optimized.
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*
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* Do *not* use this in situations where you expect to be able to feed
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* the string to a C or C++ compiler, as there are nuances with how C
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* parses such strings that lead to failures. This is for display
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* purposed only. If you want a string you can embed for use in C or
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* C++, use cEscape instead. This function is for display purposes
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* only.
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*/
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template <class OutputString>
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void backslashify(
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folly::StringPiece input,
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OutputString& output,
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bool hex_style = false);
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template <class OutputString = std::string>
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OutputString backslashify(StringPiece input, bool hex_style = false) {
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OutputString output;
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backslashify(input, output, hex_style);
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return output;
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}
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/**
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* Take a string and "humanify" it -- that is, make it look better.
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* Since "better" is subjective, caveat emptor. The basic approach is
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* to count the number of unprintable characters. If there are none,
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* then the output is the input. If there are relatively few, or if
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* there is a long "enough" prefix of printable characters, use
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* backslashify. If it is mostly binary, then simply hex encode.
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*
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* This is an attempt to make a computer smart, and so likely is wrong
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* most of the time.
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*/
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template <class String1, class String2>
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void humanify(const String1& input, String2& output);
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template <class String>
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String humanify(const String& input) {
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String output;
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humanify(input, output);
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return output;
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}
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/**
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* Same functionality as Python's binascii.hexlify. Returns true
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* on successful conversion.
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*
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* If append_output is true, append data to the output rather than
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* replace it.
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*/
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template <class InputString, class OutputString>
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bool hexlify(
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const InputString& input,
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OutputString& output,
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bool append = false);
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template <class OutputString = std::string>
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OutputString hexlify(ByteRange input) {
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OutputString output;
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if (!hexlify(input, output)) {
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// hexlify() currently always returns true, so this can't really happen
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throw_exception<std::runtime_error>("hexlify failed");
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}
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return output;
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}
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template <class OutputString = std::string>
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OutputString hexlify(StringPiece input) {
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return hexlify<OutputString>(ByteRange{input});
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}
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/**
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* Same functionality as Python's binascii.unhexlify. Returns true
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* on successful conversion.
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*/
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template <class InputString, class OutputString>
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bool unhexlify(const InputString& input, OutputString& output);
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template <class OutputString = std::string>
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OutputString unhexlify(StringPiece input) {
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OutputString output;
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if (!unhexlify(input, output)) {
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// unhexlify() fails if the input has non-hexidecimal characters,
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// or if it doesn't consist of a whole number of bytes
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throw_exception<std::domain_error>("unhexlify() called with non-hex input");
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}
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return output;
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}
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/**
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* A pretty-printer for numbers that appends suffixes of units of the
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* given type. It prints 4 sig-figs of value with the most
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* appropriate unit.
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*
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* If `addSpace' is true, we put a space between the units suffix and
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* the value.
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*
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* Current types are:
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* PRETTY_TIME - s, ms, us, ns, etc.
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* PRETTY_TIME_HMS - h, m, s, ms, us, ns, etc.
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* PRETTY_BYTES_METRIC - kB, MB, GB, etc (goes up by 10^3 = 1000 each time)
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* PRETTY_BYTES - kB, MB, GB, etc (goes up by 2^10 = 1024 each time)
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* PRETTY_BYTES_IEC - KiB, MiB, GiB, etc
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* PRETTY_UNITS_METRIC - k, M, G, etc (goes up by 10^3 = 1000 each time)
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* PRETTY_UNITS_BINARY - k, M, G, etc (goes up by 2^10 = 1024 each time)
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* PRETTY_UNITS_BINARY_IEC - Ki, Mi, Gi, etc
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* PRETTY_SI - full SI metric prefixes from yocto to Yotta
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* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metric_prefix
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*
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* @author Mark Rabkin <mrabkin@fb.com>
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*/
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enum PrettyType {
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PRETTY_TIME,
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PRETTY_TIME_HMS,
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PRETTY_BYTES_METRIC,
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PRETTY_BYTES_BINARY,
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PRETTY_BYTES = PRETTY_BYTES_BINARY,
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PRETTY_BYTES_BINARY_IEC,
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PRETTY_BYTES_IEC = PRETTY_BYTES_BINARY_IEC,
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PRETTY_UNITS_METRIC,
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PRETTY_UNITS_BINARY,
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PRETTY_UNITS_BINARY_IEC,
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PRETTY_SI,
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PRETTY_NUM_TYPES,
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};
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std::string prettyPrint(double val, PrettyType, bool addSpace = true);
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/**
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* This utility converts StringPiece in pretty format (look above) to double,
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* with progress information. Alters the StringPiece parameter
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* to get rid of the already-parsed characters.
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* Expects string in form <floating point number> {space}* [<suffix>]
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* If string is not in correct format, utility finds longest valid prefix and
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* if there at least one, returns double value based on that prefix and
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* modifies string to what is left after parsing. Throws and std::range_error
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* exception if there is no correct parse.
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* Examples(for PRETTY_UNITS_METRIC):
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* '10M' => 10 000 000
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* '10 M' => 10 000 000
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* '10' => 10
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* '10 Mx' => 10 000 000, prettyString == "x"
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* 'abc' => throws std::range_error
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*/
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double prettyToDouble(
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folly::StringPiece* const prettyString,
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const PrettyType type);
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/**
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* Same as prettyToDouble(folly::StringPiece*, PrettyType), but
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* expects whole string to be correctly parseable. Throws std::range_error
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* otherwise
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*/
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double prettyToDouble(folly::StringPiece prettyString, const PrettyType type);
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/**
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* Write a hex dump of size bytes starting at ptr to out.
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*
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* The hex dump is formatted as follows:
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*
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* for the string "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz\x02"
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00000000 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 6a 6b 6c 6d 6e 6f 70 |abcdefghijklmnop|
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00000010 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 7a 02 |qrstuvwxyz. |
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*
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* that is, we write 16 bytes per line, both as hex bytes and as printable
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* characters. Non-printable characters are replaced with '.'
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* Lines are written to out one by one (one StringPiece at a time) without
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* delimiters.
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*/
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template <class OutIt>
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void hexDump(const void* ptr, size_t size, OutIt out);
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/**
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* Return the hex dump of size bytes starting at ptr as a string.
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*/
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std::string hexDump(const void* ptr, size_t size);
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/**
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* Return a string containing the description of the given errno value.
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|
|
* Takes care not to overwrite the actual system errno, so calling
|
||
|
|
* errnoStr(errno) is valid.
|
||
|
|
*/
|
||
|
|
std::string errnoStr(int err);
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
/*
|
||
|
|
* Split a string into a list of tokens by delimiter.
|
||
|
|
*
|
||
|
|
* The split interface here supports different output types, selected
|
||
|
|
* at compile time: StringPiece, fbstring, or std::string. If you are
|
||
|
|
* using a vector to hold the output, it detects the type based on
|
||
|
|
* what your vector contains. If the output vector is not empty, split
|
||
|
|
* will append to the end of the vector.
|
||
|
|
*
|
||
|
|
* You can also use splitTo() to write the output to an arbitrary
|
||
|
|
* OutputIterator (e.g. std::inserter() on a std::set<>), in which
|
||
|
|
* case you have to tell the function the type. (Rationale:
|
||
|
|
* OutputIterators don't have a value_type, so we can't detect the
|
||
|
|
* type in splitTo without being told.)
|
||
|
|
*
|
||
|
|
* Examples:
|
||
|
|
*
|
||
|
|
* std::vector<folly::StringPiece> v;
|
||
|
|
* folly::split(":", "asd:bsd", v);
|
||
|
|
*
|
||
|
|
* std::set<StringPiece> s;
|
||
|
|
* folly::splitTo<StringPiece>(":", "asd:bsd:asd:csd",
|
||
|
|
* std::inserter(s, s.begin()));
|
||
|
|
*
|
||
|
|
* Split also takes a flag (ignoreEmpty) that indicates whether adjacent
|
||
|
|
* delimiters should be treated as one single separator (ignoring empty tokens)
|
||
|
|
* or not (generating empty tokens).
|
||
|
|
*/
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
template <class Delim, class String, class OutputType>
|
||
|
|
void split(
|
||
|
|
const Delim& delimiter,
|
||
|
|
const String& input,
|
||
|
|
std::vector<OutputType>& out,
|
||
|
|
const bool ignoreEmpty = false);
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
template <class T, class Allocator>
|
||
|
|
class fbvector;
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
template <class Delim, class String, class OutputType>
|
||
|
|
void split(
|
||
|
|
const Delim& delimiter,
|
||
|
|
const String& input,
|
||
|
|
folly::fbvector<OutputType, std::allocator<OutputType>>& out,
|
||
|
|
const bool ignoreEmpty = false);
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
template <
|
||
|
|
class OutputValueType,
|
||
|
|
class Delim,
|
||
|
|
class String,
|
||
|
|
class OutputIterator>
|
||
|
|
void splitTo(
|
||
|
|
const Delim& delimiter,
|
||
|
|
const String& input,
|
||
|
|
OutputIterator out,
|
||
|
|
const bool ignoreEmpty = false);
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
/*
|
||
|
|
* Split a string into a fixed number of string pieces and/or numeric types
|
||
|
|
* by delimiter. Conversions are supported for any type which folly:to<> can
|
||
|
|
* target, including all overloads of parseTo(). Returns 'true' if the fields
|
||
|
|
* were all successfully populated. Returns 'false' if there were too few
|
||
|
|
* fields in the input, or too many fields if exact=true. Casting exceptions
|
||
|
|
* will not be caught.
|
||
|
|
*
|
||
|
|
* Examples:
|
||
|
|
*
|
||
|
|
* folly::StringPiece name, key, value;
|
||
|
|
* if (folly::split('\t', line, name, key, value))
|
||
|
|
* ...
|
||
|
|
*
|
||
|
|
* folly::StringPiece name;
|
||
|
|
* double value;
|
||
|
|
* int id;
|
||
|
|
* if (folly::split('\t', line, name, value, id))
|
||
|
|
* ...
|
||
|
|
*
|
||
|
|
* The 'exact' template parameter specifies how the function behaves when too
|
||
|
|
* many fields are present in the input string. When 'exact' is set to its
|
||
|
|
* default value of 'true', a call to split will fail if the number of fields in
|
||
|
|
* the input string does not exactly match the number of output parameters
|
||
|
|
* passed. If 'exact' is overridden to 'false', all remaining fields will be
|
||
|
|
* stored, unsplit, in the last field, as shown below:
|
||
|
|
*
|
||
|
|
* folly::StringPiece x, y.
|
||
|
|
* if (folly::split<false>(':', "a:b:c", x, y))
|
||
|
|
* assert(x == "a" && y == "b:c");
|
||
|
|
*
|
||
|
|
* Note that this will likely not work if the last field's target is of numeric
|
||
|
|
* type, in which case folly::to<> will throw an exception.
|
||
|
|
*/
|
||
|
|
namespace detail {
|
||
|
|
template <typename Void, typename OutputType>
|
||
|
|
struct IsConvertible : std::false_type {};
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
template <>
|
||
|
|
struct IsConvertible<void, decltype(std::ignore)> : std::true_type {};
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
template <typename OutputType>
|
||
|
|
struct IsConvertible<
|
||
|
|
void_t<decltype(parseTo(StringPiece{}, std::declval<OutputType&>()))>,
|
||
|
|
OutputType> : std::true_type {};
|
||
|
|
} // namespace detail
|
||
|
|
template <typename OutputType>
|
||
|
|
struct IsConvertible : detail::IsConvertible<void, OutputType> {};
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
template <bool exact = true, class Delim, class... OutputTypes>
|
||
|
|
typename std::enable_if<
|
||
|
|
StrictConjunction<IsConvertible<OutputTypes>...>::value &&
|
||
|
|
sizeof...(OutputTypes) >= 1,
|
||
|
|
bool>::type
|
||
|
|
split(const Delim& delimiter, StringPiece input, OutputTypes&... outputs);
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
/*
|
||
|
|
* Join list of tokens.
|
||
|
|
*
|
||
|
|
* Stores a string representation of tokens in the same order with
|
||
|
|
* deliminer between each element.
|
||
|
|
*/
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
template <class Delim, class Iterator, class String>
|
||
|
|
void join(const Delim& delimiter, Iterator begin, Iterator end, String& output);
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
template <class Delim, class Container, class String>
|
||
|
|
void join(const Delim& delimiter, const Container& container, String& output) {
|
||
|
|
join(delimiter, container.begin(), container.end(), output);
|
||
|
|
}
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
template <class Delim, class Value, class String>
|
||
|
|
void join(
|
||
|
|
const Delim& delimiter,
|
||
|
|
const std::initializer_list<Value>& values,
|
||
|
|
String& output) {
|
||
|
|
join(delimiter, values.begin(), values.end(), output);
|
||
|
|
}
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
template <class Delim, class Container>
|
||
|
|
std::string join(const Delim& delimiter, const Container& container) {
|
||
|
|
std::string output;
|
||
|
|
join(delimiter, container.begin(), container.end(), output);
|
||
|
|
return output;
|
||
|
|
}
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
template <class Delim, class Value>
|
||
|
|
std::string join(
|
||
|
|
const Delim& delimiter,
|
||
|
|
const std::initializer_list<Value>& values) {
|
||
|
|
std::string output;
|
||
|
|
join(delimiter, values.begin(), values.end(), output);
|
||
|
|
return output;
|
||
|
|
}
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
template <
|
||
|
|
class Delim,
|
||
|
|
class Iterator,
|
||
|
|
typename std::enable_if<std::is_base_of<
|
||
|
|
std::forward_iterator_tag,
|
||
|
|
typename std::iterator_traits<Iterator>::iterator_category>::value>::
|
||
|
|
type* = nullptr>
|
||
|
|
std::string join(const Delim& delimiter, Iterator begin, Iterator end) {
|
||
|
|
std::string output;
|
||
|
|
join(delimiter, begin, end, output);
|
||
|
|
return output;
|
||
|
|
}
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
/**
|
||
|
|
* Returns a subpiece with all whitespace removed from the front of @sp.
|
||
|
|
* Whitespace means any of [' ', '\n', '\r', '\t'].
|
||
|
|
*/
|
||
|
|
StringPiece ltrimWhitespace(StringPiece sp);
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
/**
|
||
|
|
* Returns a subpiece with all whitespace removed from the back of @sp.
|
||
|
|
* Whitespace means any of [' ', '\n', '\r', '\t'].
|
||
|
|
*/
|
||
|
|
StringPiece rtrimWhitespace(StringPiece sp);
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
/**
|
||
|
|
* Returns a subpiece with all whitespace removed from the back and front of
|
||
|
|
* @sp. Whitespace means any of [' ', '\n', '\r', '\t'].
|
||
|
|
*/
|
||
|
|
inline StringPiece trimWhitespace(StringPiece sp) {
|
||
|
|
return ltrimWhitespace(rtrimWhitespace(sp));
|
||
|
|
}
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
/**
|
||
|
|
* Returns a subpiece with all whitespace removed from the front of @sp.
|
||
|
|
* Whitespace means any of [' ', '\n', '\r', '\t'].
|
||
|
|
* DEPRECATED: @see ltrimWhitespace @see rtrimWhitespace
|
||
|
|
*/
|
||
|
|
inline StringPiece skipWhitespace(StringPiece sp) {
|
||
|
|
return ltrimWhitespace(sp);
|
||
|
|
}
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
/**
|
||
|
|
* Returns a subpiece with all characters the provided @toTrim returns true
|
||
|
|
* for removed from the front of @sp.
|
||
|
|
*/
|
||
|
|
template <typename ToTrim>
|
||
|
|
StringPiece ltrim(StringPiece sp, ToTrim toTrim) {
|
||
|
|
while (!sp.empty() && toTrim(sp.front())) {
|
||
|
|
sp.pop_front();
|
||
|
|
}
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
return sp;
|
||
|
|
}
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
/**
|
||
|
|
* Returns a subpiece with all characters the provided @toTrim returns true
|
||
|
|
* for removed from the back of @sp.
|
||
|
|
*/
|
||
|
|
template <typename ToTrim>
|
||
|
|
StringPiece rtrim(StringPiece sp, ToTrim toTrim) {
|
||
|
|
while (!sp.empty() && toTrim(sp.back())) {
|
||
|
|
sp.pop_back();
|
||
|
|
}
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
return sp;
|
||
|
|
}
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
/**
|
||
|
|
* Returns a subpiece with all characters the provided @toTrim returns true
|
||
|
|
* for removed from the back and front of @sp.
|
||
|
|
*/
|
||
|
|
template <typename ToTrim>
|
||
|
|
StringPiece trim(StringPiece sp, ToTrim toTrim) {
|
||
|
|
return ltrim(rtrim(sp, std::ref(toTrim)), std::ref(toTrim));
|
||
|
|
}
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
/**
|
||
|
|
* Strips the leading and the trailing whitespace-only lines. Then looks for
|
||
|
|
* the least indented non-whitespace-only line and removes its amount of
|
||
|
|
* leading whitespace from every line. Assumes leading whitespace is either all
|
||
|
|
* spaces or all tabs.
|
||
|
|
*
|
||
|
|
* Purpose: including a multiline string literal in source code, indented to
|
||
|
|
* the level expected from context.
|
||
|
|
*/
|
||
|
|
std::string stripLeftMargin(std::string s);
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
/**
|
||
|
|
* Fast, in-place lowercasing of ASCII alphabetic characters in strings.
|
||
|
|
* Leaves all other characters unchanged, including those with the 0x80
|
||
|
|
* bit set.
|
||
|
|
* @param str String to convert
|
||
|
|
* @param length Length of str, in bytes
|
||
|
|
*/
|
||
|
|
void toLowerAscii(char* str, size_t length);
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
inline void toLowerAscii(MutableStringPiece str) {
|
||
|
|
toLowerAscii(str.begin(), str.size());
|
||
|
|
}
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
inline void toLowerAscii(std::string& str) {
|
||
|
|
// str[0] is legal also if the string is empty.
|
||
|
|
toLowerAscii(&str[0], str.size());
|
||
|
|
}
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
} // namespace folly
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
#include <folly/String-inl.h>
|